Hello, you are using an old browser that's unsafe and no longer supported. Please consider updating your browser to a newer version, or downloading a modern browser.

Skip to Main Content
Legacy Standard Bible Translation Notes
Return to:
The Tyndale Center for Bible Translation

NOTES

BIBLE

Matthew 15

1

Then some Pharisees and scribes came to Jesus from Jerusalem and said,

Τότε προσέρχονται τῷ Ἰησοῦ ἀπὸ Ἱεροσολύμων Φαρισαῖοι καὶ γραμματεῖς λέγοντες

 
2

“Why do Your disciples break the tradition of the elders? For they do not wash their hands when they eat bread.”

Διὰ τί οἱ μαθηταί σου παραβαίνουσιν τὴν παράδοσιν τῶν πρεσβυτέρων; οὐ γὰρ νίπτονται τὰς χεῖρας αὐτῶν ὅταν ἄρτον ἐσθίωσιν.

 
3

And He answered and said to them, “Why do you yourselves transgress the commandment of God for the sake of your tradition?

ὁ δὲ ἀποκριθεὶς εἶπεν αὐτοῖς· Διὰ τί καὶ ὑμεῖς παραβαίνετε τὴν ἐντολὴν τοῦ θεοῦ διὰ τὴν παράδοσιν ὑμῶν;

 
4

For God said, ‘HONOR YOUR FATHER AND MOTHER,’ and, ‘HE WHO SPEAKS EVIL OF FATHER OR MOTHER IS TO BE PUT TO DEATH.’

ὁ γὰρ θεὸς εἶπεν· Τίμα τὸν πατέρα καὶ τὴν μητέρα, καί· Ὁ κακολογῶν πατέρα ἢ μητέρα θανάτῳ τελευτάτω·

 
5

But you say, ‘Whoever says to his father or mother, “Whatever you might benefit from me is given to God,”

ὑμεῖς δὲ λέγετε· Ὃς ἂν εἴπῃ τῷ πατρὶ ἢ τῇ μητρί· Δῶρον ὃ ἐὰν ἐξ ἐμοῦ ὠφεληθῇς,

 
6

he need not honor his father.’ And by this you invalidated the word of God for the sake of your tradition.

οὐ μὴ τιμήσει τὸν πατέρα αὐτοῦ· καὶ ἠκυρώσατε τὸν λόγον τοῦ θεοῦ διὰ τὴν παράδοσιν ὑμῶν.

his father
Some translations include “or his mother,” being inferred from context with dependance on various Greek manuscripts (C L N W Γ Δ Θ 0106 f¹ 1424 𝔐), but it is not included in the most reliable Greek manuscripts (א B Da e syᶜ sa) and thus is not translated here (see also note on Matt 15:6 in NET Bible).

 
7

You hypocrites, rightly did Isaiah prophesy of you:

ὑποκριταί, καλῶς ἐπροφήτευσεν περὶ ὑμῶν Ἠσαΐας λέγων·

 
8

‘THIS PEOPLE HONORS ME WITH THEIR LIPS,
BUT THEIR HEART IS FAR AWAY FROM ME.

Ὁ λαὸς οὗτος τοῖς χείλεσίν με τιμᾷ,
ἡ δὲ καρδία αὐτῶν πόρρω ἀπέχει ἀπʼ ἐμοῦ·

 
9

BUT IN VAIN DO THEY WORSHIP ME,
TEACHING AS DOCTRINES THE COMMANDS OF MEN.’”

μάτην δὲ σέβονταί με,
διδάσκοντες διδασκαλίας ἐντάλματα ἀνθρώπων.

commands
“Commands” translates ἔνταλμα (entalma), which matches the Hebrew of Isaiah 29:13 as well, from which this is quoted. The English term “command” is sometimes used in the Old Testament (as opposed to “commandment”) to refer to something that does not come from God, as is the case in Isaiah 29 (cf. Jer 35:16). And in the New Testament, it always appears with reference to the commands “of men” (rather than of God; cf. Matt 15:9; Col 2:22). Translating ἔνταλμα (entalma) as “command” rather than “commandment” differentiates it from ἐντολή (entolē), “commandment,” in verse 3, while maintaining the underlying wordplay. Thus, this is a command that falls short of a commandment in every way.

 
10

After Jesus called the crowd to Him, He said to them, “Hear and understand.

Καὶ προσκαλεσάμενος τὸν ὄχλον εἶπεν αὐτοῖς· Ἀκούετε καὶ συνίετε·

 
11

It is not what enters into the mouth that defiles the man, but what proceeds out of the mouth, this defiles the man.”

οὐ τὸ εἰσερχόμενον εἰς τὸ στόμα κοινοῖ τὸν ἄνθρωπον, ἀλλὰ τὸ ἐκπορευόμενον ἐκ τοῦ στόματος τοῦτο κοινοῖ τὸν ἄνθρωπον.

 
12

Then the disciples came and said to Him, “Do You know that the Pharisees were offended when they heard this statement?”

Τότε προσελθόντες οἱ μαθηταὶ λέγουσιν αὐτῷ· Οἶδας ὅτι οἱ Φαρισαῖοι ἀκούσαντες τὸν λόγον ἐσκανδαλίσθησαν;

 
13

But He answered and said, “Every plant which My heavenly Father did not plant shall be uprooted.

ὁ δὲ ἀποκριθεὶς εἶπεν· Πᾶσα φυτεία ἣν οὐκ ἐφύτευσεν ὁ πατήρ μου ὁ οὐράνιος ἐκριζωθήσεται.

 
14

Let them alone; they are blind guides of the blind. And if a blind man guides a blind man, both will fall into a pit.”

ἄφετε αὐτούς· τυφλοί εἰσιν ὁδηγοὶ τυφλῶν· τυφλὸς δὲ τυφλὸν ἐὰν ὁδηγῇ, ἀμφότεροι εἰς βόθυνον πεσοῦνται.

 
15

Now Peter answered and said to Him, “Explain the parable to us.”

Ἀποκριθεὶς δὲ ὁ Πέτρος εἶπεν αὐτῷ· Φράσον ἡμῖν τὴν παραβολὴν ταύτην.

 
16

And Jesus said, “Are you still lacking in understanding also?

ὁ δὲ εἶπεν· Ἀκμὴν καὶ ὑμεῖς ἀσύνετοί ἐστε;

 
17

Do you not understand that everything that goes into the mouth passes into the stomach, and goes into the sewer?

οὐ νοεῖτε ὅτι πᾶν τὸ εἰσπορευόμενον εἰς τὸ στόμα εἰς τὴν κοιλίαν χωρεῖ καὶ εἰς ἀφεδρῶνα ἐκβάλλεται;

goes into the sewer
Some translations have rendered this phrase as “is eliminated,” “is expelled,” or “[goes] out of the body,” but Jesus’ wording is more specific and graphic here, describing physical food as going “to the sewer” (εἰς τὸν ἀφεδρῶνα; eis ton aphedrōna). The Greek word ἀφεδρών (aphedrōn) is typically used to refer to a toilet, latrine, or drain for such uses, and thus, “sewer” accurately describes what Jesus is referring to here. Physical food is of no spiritual consequence because it simply passes through the stomach (not the heart) and into the sewer. In other words, as Jesus graphically represents, it clearly starts on the outside and ends on the outside, without affecting the innermost being (the heart). The real concern should be about what proceeds from within one’s heart, indicating one’s true spiritual state (vv. 18–21).

 
18

But the things that proceed out of the mouth come from the heart, and those defile the man.

τὰ δὲ ἐκπορευόμενα ἐκ τοῦ στόματος ἐκ τῆς καρδίας ἐξέρχεται, κἀκεῖνα κοινοῖ τὸν ἄνθρωπον.

 
19

For out of the heart come evil thoughts, murders, adulteries, sexual immoralities, thefts, false witness, slanders.

ἐκ γὰρ τῆς καρδίας ἐξέρχονται διαλογισμοὶ πονηροί, φόνοι, μοιχεῖαι, πορνεῖαι, κλοπαί, ψευδομαρτυρίαι, βλασφημίαι.

sexual immoralities
The phrase “sexual immoralities” translates the Greek word πορνεία (porneia), the term from which “pornography” is derived. It was used to describe practices of sexual perversion such as fornication, adultery, and prostitution (the related term πόρνη [pornē] means “prostitute”). As here, it referenced any sexual behavior outside the sanctity of marriage.

 
20

These are the things which defile the man; but to eat with unwashed hands does not defile the man.”

ταῦτά ἐστιν τὰ κοινοῦντα τὸν ἄνθρωπον, τὸ δὲ ἀνίπτοις χερσὶν φαγεῖν οὐ κοινοῖ τὸν ἄνθρωπον.

 
21

And going away from there, Jesus withdrew into the district of Tyre and Sidon.

Καὶ ἐξελθὼν ἐκεῖθεν ὁ Ἰησοῦς ἀνεχώρησεν εἰς τὰ μέρη Τύρου καὶ Σιδῶνος.

the district
Lit. “the districts” (τὰ μέρη; ta merē), referring to the area that includes both Tyre and Sidon. The Greek plural “districts” is simply the common way of expressing a general area (cf. Matt 2:22; 16:13; Mark 8:10; Acts 2:10; 19:1). It is even used to describe the “right-hand side of the boat” (τὰ δεζιὰ μέρη τοῦ πλοίω; ta dexia merē tou ploiō; lit. “the right-hand regions of the boat” [John 21:6]). The phrase is translated here in the singular to accurately capture the idea Matthew has in mind and to avoid the confusion that an English plural rendering might depict of multiple places when a singular general area is intended.

 
22

And behold, a Canaanite woman from that region came out and began to cry out, saying, “Have mercy on me, Lord, Son of David; my daughter is cruelly demon-possessed.”

καὶ ἰδοὺ γυνὴ Χαναναία ἀπὸ τῶν ὁρίων ἐκείνων ἐξελθοῦσα ἔκραζεν λέγουσα· Ἐλέησόν με, κύριε υἱὸς Δαυίδ· ἡ θυγάτηρ μου κακῶς δαιμονίζεται.

 
23

But He did not answer her a word. And His disciples came and were pleading with Him, saying, “Send her away, because she keeps shouting at us.”

ὁ δὲ οὐκ ἀπεκρίθη αὐτῇ λόγον. καὶ προσελθόντες οἱ μαθηταὶ αὐτοῦ ἠρώτουν αὐτὸν λέγοντες· Ἀπόλυσον αὐτήν, ὅτι κράζει ὄπισθεν ἡμῶν.

were pleading
The translation “were pleading” carries over the nuance of the Greek imperfect verb tense. The imperfect tense communicates an action that is continual or ongoing, vividly portraying the disciples’ desperation to be relieved of the persistent Canaanite woman.

 
24

But He answered and said, “I was not sent except to the lost sheep of the house of Israel.”

ὁ δὲ ἀποκριθεὶς εἶπεν· Οὐκ ἀπεστάλην εἰ μὴ εἰς τὰ πρόβατα τὰ ἀπολωλότα οἴκου Ἰσραήλ.

I was not sent
While various translations have “I was sent only,” the statement in Greek is phrased in the negative (οὐκ ἀπεστάλην εἰ μὴ; ouk apestalēn ei mē). The translation “I was not sent except” seeks to capture the strong emphasis Jesus makes by including a negative and a positive perspective in the purpose of His coming.

 
25

But she came and was bowing down before Him, saying, “Lord, help me!”

ἡ δὲ ἐλθοῦσα προσεκύνει αὐτῷ λέγουσα· Κύριε, βοήθει μοι.

 
26

And He answered and said, “It is not good to take the children’s bread and throw it to the dogs.”

ὁ δὲ ἀποκριθεὶς εἶπεν· Οὐκ ἔστιν καλὸν λαβεῖν τὸν ἄρτον τῶν τέκνων καὶ βαλεῖν τοῖς κυναρίοις.

 
27

But she said, “Yes, Lord; but even the dogs feed on the crumbs which fall from their masters’ table.”

ἡ δὲ εἶπεν· Ναί, κύριε, καὶ γὰρ τὰ κυνάρια ἐσθίει ἀπὸ τῶν ψιχίων τῶν πιπτόντων ἀπὸ τῆς τραπέζης τῶν κυρίων αὐτῶν.

 
28

Then Jesus answered and said to her, “O woman, your faith is great; it shall be done for you as you wish.” And her daughter was healed at once.

τότε ἀποκριθεὶς ὁ Ἰησοῦς εἶπεν αὐτῇ· Ὦ γύναι, μεγάλη σου ἡ πίστις· γενηθήτω σοι ὡς θέλεις. καὶ ἰάθη ἡ θυγάτηρ αὐτῆς ἀπὸ τῆς ὥρας ἐκείνης.

 
29

And departing from there, Jesus went along by the Sea of Galilee, and having gone up on the mountain, He was sitting there.

Καὶ μεταβὰς ἐκεῖθεν ὁ Ἰησοῦς ἦλθεν παρὰ τὴν θάλασσαν τῆς Γαλιλαίας, καὶ ἀναβὰς εἰς τὸ ὄρος ἐκάθητο ἐκεῖ.

 
30

And large crowds came to Him, bringing with them those who were lame, crippled, blind, mute, and many others, and they laid them down at His feet; and He healed them.

καὶ προσῆλθον αὐτῷ ὄχλοι πολλοὶ ἔχοντες μεθʼ ἑαυτῶν κωφούς, τυφλούς, χωλούς, κυλλούς, καὶ ἑτέρους πολλούς, καὶ ἔρριψαν αὐτοὺς παρὰ τοὺς πόδας αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἐθεράπευσεν αὐτούς·

 
31

So the crowd marveled as they saw the mute speaking, the crippled restored, and the lame walking, and the blind seeing; and they glorified the God of Israel.

ὥστε τὸν ὄχλον θαυμάσαι βλέποντας κωφοὺς λαλοῦντας κυλλοὺς ὑγιεῖς καὶ χωλοὺς περιπατοῦντας καὶ τυφλοὺς βλέποντας· καὶ ἐδόξασαν τὸν θεὸν Ἰσραήλ.

 
32

And Jesus called His disciples to Him, and said, “I feel compassion for the crowd, because they have remained with Me now three days and have nothing to eat; and I do not want to send them away hungry, lest they faint on the way.”

Ὁ δὲ Ἰησοῦς προσκαλεσάμενος τοὺς μαθητὰς αὐτοῦ εἶπεν· Σπλαγχνίζομαι ἐπὶ τὸν ὄχλον, ὅτι ἤδη ἡμέραι τρεῖς προσμένουσίν μοι καὶ οὐκ ἔχουσιν τί φάγωσιν· καὶ ἀπολῦσαι αὐτοὺς νήστεις οὐ θέλω, μήποτε ἐκλυθῶσιν ἐν τῇ ὁδῷ.

 
33

And the disciples said to Him, “Where would we get so many loaves in this desolate place to satisfy such a large crowd?”

καὶ λέγουσιν αὐτῷ οἱ μαθηταί· Πόθεν ἡμῖν ἐν ἐρημίᾳ ἄρτοι τοσοῦτοι ὥστε χορτάσαι ὄχλον τοσοῦτον;

 
34

And Jesus said to them, “How many loaves do you have?” And they said, “Seven, and a few small fish.”

καὶ λέγει αὐτοῖς ὁ Ἰησοῦς· Πόσους ἄρτους ἔχετε; οἱ δὲ εἶπαν· Ἑπτά, καὶ ὀλίγα ἰχθύδια.

 
35

And He directed the crowd to sit down on the ground;

καὶ παραγγείλας τῷ ὄχλῳ ἀναπεσεῖν ἐπὶ τὴν γῆν

 
36

and He took the seven loaves and the fish; and giving thanks, He broke them and kept giving them to the disciples, and the disciples gave them to the crowds.

ἔλαβεν τοὺς ἑπτὰ ἄρτους καὶ τοὺς ἰχθύας καὶ εὐχαριστήσας ἔκλασεν καὶ ἐδίδου τοῖς μαθηταῖς οἱ δὲ μαθηταὶ τοῖς ὄχλοις.

 
37

And they all ate and were satisfied, and they picked up what was left over of the broken pieces, seven large baskets full.

καὶ ἔφαγον πάντες καὶ ἐχορτάσθησαν, καὶ τὸ περισσεῦον τῶν κλασμάτων ἦραν ἑπτὰ σπυρίδας πλήρεις.

 
38

And those who ate were four thousand men, besides women and children.

οἱ δὲ ἐσθίοντες ἦσαν τετρακισχίλιοι ἄνδρες χωρὶς γυναικῶν καὶ παιδίων.

 
39

And sending away the crowds, Jesus got into the boat and came to the region of Magadan.

καὶ ἀπολύσας τοὺς ὄχλους ἐνέβη εἰς τὸ πλοῖον, καὶ ἦλθεν εἰς τὰ ὅρια Μαγαδάν.

 
Copyright © 2023 The Tyndale Center at The Master's Seminary. All rights reserved.
The English biblical text is taken from the Legacy Standard Bible
Legacy Standard Bible Copyright ©2021 by The Lockman Foundation. All rights reserved.
Managed in partnership with Three Sixteen Publishing Inc. LSBible.org
For permission to quote information visit http://www.LSBible.org
The Hebrew Old Testament is taken from the Unicode/XML Westminster Leningrad Codex
WLC Version 4.20 | UXLC 2.0 (27.1)
Transcribed to Unicode/XML by Christopher V. Kimball, Publisher (Tanach.us Inc.)
The Westminster Leningrad Codex is in the public domain.
For more information visit www.Tanach.us
The Greek New Testament is taken from the Society of Biblical Literature Greek New Testament
Edited by Michael W. Holmes
The SBLGNT is licensed freely under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License
Copyright 2010 Logos Bible Software and the Society of Biblical Literature
For more information about the SBLGNT visit www.SBLGNT.com