NOTES

BIBLE

John 16

1	“These things I have spoken to you so that you may be kept from stumbling.	Ταῦτα λελάληκα ὑμῖν ἵνα μὴ σκανδαλισθῆτε.
2	They will put you out of the synagogue, but an hour is coming for everyone who kills you to think that he is offering service to God.	ἀποσυναγώγους ποιήσουσιν ὑμᾶς· ἀλλʼ ἔρχεται ὥρα ἵνα πᾶς ὁ ἀποκτείνας ὑμᾶς δόξῃ λατρείαν προσφέρειν τῷ θεῷ.	put you out of the synagogue “Put you out of the synagogue” translates ἀποσυνάγωγος (aposynagōgos), a word which is also used in 9:22 and 12:42. The difference in this instance is that, unlike in the previous passage where people feared man and wanted to avoid being put out of the synagogue, here the believer who does not fear man but remains faithful in his or her confession of Jesus as the Christ is promised the same fate.
3	These things they will do because they did not know the Father or Me.	καὶ ταῦτα ποιήσουσιν ὅτι οὐκ ἔγνωσαν τὸν πατέρα οὐδὲ ἐμέ.
4	But these things I have spoken to you, so that when their hour comes, you may remember that I told you of them. These things I did not say to you at the beginning, because I was with you.	ἀλλὰ ταῦτα λελάληκα ὑμῖν ἵνα ὅταν ἔλθῃ ἡ ὥρα αὐτῶν μνημονεύητε αὐτῶν ὅτι ἐγὼ εἶπον ὑμῖν. Ταῦτα δὲ ὑμῖν ἐξ ἀρχῆς οὐκ εἶπον, ὅτι μεθʼ ὑμῶν ἤμην.
5	“But now I am going to Him who sent Me; and none of you asks Me, ‘Where are You going?’	νῦν δὲ ὑπάγω πρὸς τὸν πέμψαντά με καὶ οὐδεὶς ἐξ ὑμῶν ἐρωτᾷ με· Ποῦ ὑπάγεις;
6	But because I have said these things to you, sorrow has filled your heart.	ἀλλʼ ὅτι ταῦτα λελάληκα ὑμῖν ἡ λύπη πεπλήρωκεν ὑμῶν τὴν καρδίαν.
7	But I tell you the truth, it is to your advantage that I go away; for if I do not go away, the Advocate will not come to you; but if I go, I will send Him to you.	ἀλλʼ ἐγὼ τὴν ἀλήθειαν λέγω ὑμῖν, συμφέρει ὑμῖν ἵνα ἐγὼ ἀπέλθω. ἐὰν γὰρ μὴ ἀπέλθω, ὁ παράκλητος οὐ μὴ ἔλθῃ πρὸς ὑμᾶς· ἐὰν δὲ πορευθῶ, πέμψω αὐτὸν πρὸς ὑμᾶς.	Advocate “Advocate” translates the Greek word παράκλητος (paraklētos). In the New Testament, John is the only author to use this word (cf. 14:16, 26; 15:26; 1 John 2:1). Although παράκλητος (paraklētos) can mean “helper,” its most basic meaning has to do with someone who comes to another’s aide and mediates or intercedes on their behalf. This is why in 1 John 2:1, Jesus does not merely help the believer but intercedes or advocates on their behalf before the Father.
8	And He, when He comes, will convict the world concerning sin and righteousness and judgment;	καὶ ἐλθὼν ἐκεῖνος ἐλέγξει τὸν κόσμον περὶ ἁμαρτίας καὶ περὶ δικαιοσύνης καὶ περὶ κρίσεως·
9	concerning sin, because they do not believe in Me;	περὶ ἁμαρτίας μέν, ὅτι οὐ πιστεύουσιν εἰς ἐμέ·
10	and concerning righteousness, because I go to the Father and you no longer see Me;	περὶ δικαιοσύνης δέ, ὅτι πρὸς τὸν πατέρα ὑπάγω καὶ οὐκέτι θεωρεῖτέ με·
11	and concerning judgment, because the ruler of this world has been judged.	περὶ δὲ κρίσεως, ὅτι ὁ ἄρχων τοῦ κόσμου τούτου κέκριται.
12	“I still have many more things to say to you, but you cannot bear them now.	Ἔτι πολλὰ ἔχω ὑμῖν λέγειν, ἀλλʼ οὐ δύνασθε βαστάζειν ἄρτι·
13	But when He, the Spirit of truth, comes, He will guide you into all the truth; for He will not speak from Himself, but whatever He hears, He will speak; and He will disclose to you what is to come.	ὅταν δὲ ἔλθῃ ἐκεῖνος, τὸ πνεῦμα τῆς ἀληθείας, ὁδηγήσει ὑμᾶς ἐν τῇ ἀληθείᾳ πάσῃ, οὐ γὰρ λαλήσει ἀφʼ ἑαυτοῦ, ἀλλʼ ὅσα ἀκούσει λαλήσει, καὶ τὰ ἐρχόμενα ἀναγγελεῖ ὑμῖν.	from Himself The translation “from Himself” literally renders the Greek construction ἀπʼ ἑαυτοῦ (ap’ heautou). While many translations render the phrase differently (e.g., “of Himself,” “on His own initiative”), the preposition ἀπό (apo) is regularly translated as “from.” Furthermore, the reflexive pronoun ἑαυτοῦ (heautou) is translated in its literal sense, “Himself.” Jesus is emphasizing that the Spirit’s speech is trustworthy and authoritative since it ultimately comes from a heavenly source. Jesus did not speak from Himself but from the Father while He was on earth (cf. 7:17; 12:49; 14:10), and here He explains that even after He ascends into heaven, the Spirit will continue this very ministry by bringing Jesus’ words from the Father to believers (cf. vv. 14–15).
14	He will glorify Me, for He will take of Mine and will disclose it to you.	ἐκεῖνος ἐμὲ δοξάσει, ὅτι ἐκ τοῦ ἐμοῦ λήμψεται καὶ ἀναγγελεῖ ὑμῖν.
15	All things that the Father has are Mine; therefore I said that He takes of Mine and will disclose it to you.	πάντα ὅσα ἔχει ὁ πατὴρ ἐμά ἐστιν· διὰ τοῦτο εἶπον ὅτι ἐκ τοῦ ἐμοῦ λαμβάνει καὶ ἀναγγελεῖ ὑμῖν.
16	“A little while, and you will no longer see Me; and again a little while, and you will see Me.”	Μικρὸν καὶ οὐκέτι θεωρεῖτέ με, καὶ πάλιν μικρὸν καὶ ὄψεσθέ με.
17	Some of His disciples then said to one another, “What is this He is telling us, ‘A little while, and you will not see Me; and again a little while, and you will see Me’; and, ‘because I go to the Father’?”	εἶπαν οὖν ἐκ τῶν μαθητῶν αὐτοῦ πρὸς ἀλλήλους· Τί ἐστιν τοῦτο ὃ λέγει ἡμῖν· Μικρὸν καὶ οὐ θεωρεῖτέ με, καὶ πάλιν μικρὸν καὶ ὄψεσθέ με; καί· Ὅτι ὑπάγω πρὸς τὸν πατέρα;
18	So they were saying, “What is this that He says, ‘A little while’? We do not know what He is talking about.”	ἔλεγον οὖν· Τί ἐστιν τοῦτο ὃ λέγει μικρόν; οὐκ οἴδαμεν τί λαλεῖ.
19	Jesus knew that they were wishing to question Him, and He said to them, “Are you deliberating together about this, that I said, ‘A little while, and you will not see Me, and again a little while, and you will see Me’?	ἔγνω Ἰησοῦς ὅτι ἤθελον αὐτὸν ἐρωτᾶν, καὶ εἶπεν αὐτοῖς· Περὶ τούτου ζητεῖτε μετʼ ἀλλήλων ὅτι εἶπον· Μικρὸν καὶ οὐ θεωρεῖτέ με, καὶ πάλιν μικρὸν καὶ ὄψεσθέ με;
20	Truly, truly, I say to you, that you will cry and lament, but the world will rejoice; you will be sorrowful, but your sorrow will be turned into joy.	ἀμὴν ἀμὴν λέγω ὑμῖν ὅτι κλαύσετε καὶ θρηνήσετε ὑμεῖς, ὁ δὲ κόσμος χαρήσεται· ὑμεῖς λυπηθήσεσθε, ἀλλʼ ἡ λύπη ὑμῶν εἰς χαρὰν γενήσεται.
21	Whenever a woman is in labor she has sorrow, because her hour has come; but when she gives birth to the child, she no longer remembers the suffering because of the joy that a child has been born into the world.	ἡ γυνὴ ὅταν τίκτῃ λύπην ἔχει, ὅτι ἦλθεν ἡ ὥρα αὐτῆς· ὅταν δὲ γεννήσῃ τὸ παιδίον, οὐκέτι μνημονεύει τῆς θλίψεως διὰ τὴν χαρὰν ὅτι ἐγεννήθη ἄνθρωπος εἰς τὸν κόσμον.	suffering The word “suffering” here translates the Greek word θλῖψις (thlipsis). When the context is persecution, this translation usually renders θλῖψις (thlipsis) as “affliction” or “tribulation” (e.g. Matt 13:21; 24:9; Rom 8:35). In this instance, though Jesus is referring to the pain of childbirth, “suffering” better communicates John’s intent. Some translations have “anguish” here, which is an accurate contextual understanding as well, however, rendering θλῖψις (thlipsis) as “suffering” also maintains the distinction between this word and a more specific word for “anguish,” συνοχή (synochē), which is used in Luke 21:25 and 2 Corinthians 2:4.
22	Therefore you too have sorrow now; but I will see you again, and your heart will rejoice, and no one will take your joy away from you.	καὶ ὑμεῖς οὖν νῦν μὲν λύπην ἔχετε· πάλιν δὲ ὄψομαι ὑμᾶς, καὶ χαρήσεται ὑμῶν ἡ καρδία, καὶ τὴν χαρὰν ὑμῶν οὐδεὶς αἴρει ἀφʼ ὑμῶν.
23	And on that day you will not question Me about anything. Truly, truly, I say to you, if you ask the Father for anything in My name, He will give it to you.	καὶ ἐν ἐκείνῃ τῇ ἡμέρᾳ ἐμὲ οὐκ ἐρωτήσετε οὐδέν· ἀμὴν ἀμὴν λέγω ὑμῖν, ἄν τι αἰτήσητε τὸν πατέρα δώσει ὑμῖν ἐν τῷ ὀνόματί μου.
24	Until now you have asked for nothing in My name; ask and you will receive, so that your joy may be made complete.	ἕως ἄρτι οὐκ ᾐτήσατε οὐδὲν ἐν τῷ ὀνόματί μου· αἰτεῖτε καὶ λήμψεσθε, ἵνα ἡ χαρὰ ὑμῶν ᾖ πεπληρωμένη.	made complete The phrase “made complete” translates the Greek perfect passive participle πεπληρωμένη (peplērōmenē; lit. “having been filled”). In this context, it describes joy that has been brought to a full or completed state, and remains in that state. It is therefore “complete.” Jesus is not referring to a joy that is progressively being filled more and more, but a joy that has already been made complete. Believers experience this complete and abiding state of joy when they pray in Jesus’ name (meaning according to His will and with confidence because of His own standing before the Father), and ultimately for His glory.
25	“These things I have spoken to you in figures of speech; an hour is coming when I will no longer speak to you in figures of speech, but will tell you openly of the Father.	Ταῦτα ἐν παροιμίαις λελάληκα ὑμῖν· ἔρχεται ὥρα ὅτε οὐκέτι ἐν παροιμίαις λαλήσω ὑμῖν ἀλλὰ παρρησίᾳ περὶ τοῦ πατρὸς ἀπαγγελῶ ὑμῖν.	openly The word “openly” translates the Greek παρρησία (parrēsia). The word indicates a freedom of speech in the sense that one has boldness to say whatever he wants without fear of consequences. Thus, it has the idea of speaking boldly, plainly, or openly. Jesus is not at all veiling His revelation but speaks openly in order to make it perfectly clear. John uses παρρησία (parrēsia) frequently throughout his gospel (7:4, 13, 26; 10:24; 11:14, 54; 16:29; 18:20), most often referring to Jesus’ clear and open revelation of Himself in connection with the Father.
26	On that day you will ask in My name, and I do not say to you that I will request of the Father on your behalf;	ἐν ἐκείνῃ τῇ ἡμέρᾳ ἐν τῷ ὀνόματί μου αἰτήσεσθε, καὶ οὐ λέγω ὑμῖν ὅτι ἐγὼ ἐρωτήσω τὸν πατέρα περὶ ὑμῶν·
27	for the Father Himself loves you, because you have loved Me and have believed that I came forth from the Father.	αὐτὸς γὰρ ὁ πατὴρ φιλεῖ ὑμᾶς, ὅτι ὑμεῖς ἐμὲ πεφιλήκατε καὶ πεπιστεύκατε ὅτι ἐγὼ παρὰ τοῦ θεοῦ ἐξῆλθον.
28	I came forth from the Father and have come into the world; I am leaving the world again and going to the Father.”	ἐξῆλθον ἐκ τοῦ πατρὸς καὶ ἐλήλυθα εἰς τὸν κόσμον· πάλιν ἀφίημι τὸν κόσμον καὶ πορεύομαι πρὸς τὸν πατέρα.
29	His disciples said, “Behold, now You are speaking openly and are not using a figure of speech.	Λέγουσιν οἱ μαθηταὶ αὐτοῦ· Ἴδε νῦν ἐν παρρησίᾳ λαλεῖς, καὶ παροιμίαν οὐδεμίαν λέγεις.	Behold “Behold” translates the same word also translated “Behold” in verse 32 (ἴδε; ide). John’s use of this interjection in both places draws out a connection between the two statements: the disciples do not understand but rashly speak (v. 29), and then Jesus speaks back to them, responding to their immaturity (v. 32). openly Refer to the discussion on verse 25 above.
30	Now we know that You know all things, and have no need for anyone to question You; by this we believe that You came from God.”	νῦν οἴδαμεν ὅτι οἶδας πάντα καὶ οὐ χρείαν ἔχεις ἵνα τίς σε ἐρωτᾷ· ἐν τούτῳ πιστεύομεν ὅτι ἀπὸ θεοῦ ἐξῆλθες.
31	Jesus answered them, “Do you now believe?	ἀπεκρίθη αὐτοῖς Ἰησοῦς· Ἄρτι πιστεύετε;
32	Behold, an hour is coming, and has already come, for you to be scattered, each to his own home, and to leave Me alone; and yet I am not alone, because the Father is with Me.	ἰδοὺ ἔρχεται ὥρα καὶ ἐλήλυθεν ἵνα σκορπισθῆτε ἕκαστος εἰς τὰ ἴδια κἀμὲ μόνον ἀφῆτε· καὶ οὐκ εἰμὶ μόνος, ὅτι ὁ πατὴρ μετʼ ἐμοῦ ἐστιν.
33	These things I have spoken to you, so that in Me you may have peace. In the world you have tribulation, but take courage; I have overcome the world.	ταῦτα λελάληκα ὑμῖν ἵνα ἐν ἐμοὶ εἰρήνην ἔχητε· ἐν τῷ κόσμῳ θλῖψιν ἔχετε, ἀλλὰ θαρσεῖτε, ἐγὼ νενίκηκα τὸν κόσμον.

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